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English → English (gcide)
Definition: Protein crystal
Protein
\Pro"te*in\, n. [Gr. prw^tos first: cf. prwtei^on the
first place.] (Physiol. Chem.)
any polymer of an amino acid joined by peptide (amide) bonds.
Most natural proteins have alpha-amino acids as the monomeric
constituents. All classical enzymes are composed of protein,
and control most of the biochemical transformations carrie
dout in living cells. They may be soluble, as casein,
albumins, and other globular proteins, or insoluble (e. g.
“structural proteins”), as collagen or keratin.
“albumin”, an
older term for protein, is now used primarily to refer to
certain specific soluble globular proteins found in eggs or
blood serum, e.g.
bovine serum albumin, the main soluble
protein in teh serum of cattle, used as an enzymatically
inert protein in biochemical research.
Note: In the 1913 dictionary, protein was defined as:
“A
body now known as alkali albumin, but originally
considered to be the basis of all albuminous
substances, whence its name.”
[1913 Webster + PJC]
Protein crystal. (Bot.) See
Crystalloid, n., 2.
[1913 Webster]
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